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目的探讨儿童哮喘住院人数与大气污染及气象因素的相关性。方法监测乌鲁木齐市内空气污染及气象因素,收集乌鲁木齐市2003-2012年3所三级甲等医院哮喘患儿住院人数,采用直线相关、等级相关分析方法分别分析空气污染、气象因子指标与哮喘住院人数间的相关性,并分析空气污染与气象因子间的相关性。结果大气环境污染物及气象因素相辅相成,空气污染及气象因素均不同程度地影响儿童哮喘住院人数。可吸入颗粒物(PM10)、二氧化硫(SO2)、二氧化氮(NO2)均与儿童哮喘住院人数呈正相关;儿童哮喘住院人数与平均气温、相对湿度呈负相关,与平均气压呈正相关,且平均气温是影响哮喘住院人数的主要指标之一。结论空气污染、气象变化是儿童哮喘发生的重要危险因素,应采取多种措施改善大气质量及气象预报工作,尽可能减少儿童哮喘的发生。
Objective To investigate the relationship between the number of children hospitalized with asthma and air pollution and meteorological factors. Methods The air pollution and meteorological factors in Urumqi were monitored and the hospitalizations of children with asthma in three Grade A and Grade A hospitals in Urumqi from 2003 to 2012 were collected. The linear correlation and rank correlation analysis were used to analyze air pollution, meteorological factors and asthma hospitalization The correlation between the number of people, and analyze the correlation between air pollution and meteorological factors. Results Atmospheric pollutants and meteorological factors were mutually reinforcing, and air pollution and meteorological factors affected the number of hospitalized children with asthma to varying degrees. Inhalable particulate matter (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were positively correlated with the number of hospitalized children with asthma. The number of hospitalized children with asthma was negatively correlated with the mean temperature and relative humidity, and positively correlated with the mean barometric pressure Is one of the main indicators affecting the number of hospitalizations for asthma. Conclusions Air pollution and meteorological changes are important risk factors for asthma in children. Various measures should be taken to improve air quality and weather forecasting and minimize the occurrence of asthma in children.