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目的了解湖北省鄂州市2012年手足口病的流行病学和病原学特征,为有效预防和控制手足口病提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对鄂州市2012年手足口病流行特征和病原学检测结果进行分析。结果 2012年鄂州市共报告手足口病病例2 878例,重症病例15例,死亡2例,报告发病率为274.10/10万,死亡率0.19/10万,病死率0.69‰,春、夏季为高发季节。发病以4岁以下儿童为主,占90.24%。共检测82份病例样本,肠道病毒核酸通用阳性50份,总检出率为60.96%,其中EV71占42.00%,CoxA16占32.00%,其它肠道病毒占26.00%,EV71在1～6月检出率相对较高,CoxA16在4～6月检出率较高。结论应继续开展手足口病的流行病学和病原学监测工作,建议加大重点人群防控力度,以降低手足口病发病率和减少对公众健康造成的危害。
Objective To understand the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of HFMD in 2012 in Ezhou City, Hubei Province, and to provide a scientific basis for the effective prevention and control of HFMD. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and etiological detection of HFMD in Ezhou in 2012. Results A total of 2 878 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease were reported in Ezhou city in 2012, 15 cases were severe and 2 died. The reported incidence was 274.10 / 100,000 and the mortality rate was 0.19 / 100,000. The case fatality rate was 0.69 ‰, which was high in spring and summer season. The incidence of children under 4 years of age, accounting for 90.24%. A total of 82 cases were detected. The total positive rate of enterovirus nucleic acid was 50.9%. The total detection rate was 60.96%, of which, EV71 accounted for 42.00%, CoxA16 accounted for 32.00%, other enteroviruses accounted for 26.00% and EV71 was detected from January to June The rate is relatively high, CoxA16 in 4 to 6 months higher detection rate. Conclusions Epidemiology and etiology monitoring of hand-foot-mouth disease should be continued. It is suggested to increase the prevention and control of key population so as to reduce the incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease and reduce the harm to public health.