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目的分析2010-2014年湖州市5岁以下儿童死亡情况,探讨进一步降低儿童死亡率的关键措施。方法对2010-2014年湖州市5岁以下儿童死亡监测资料进行回顾性分析。结果 2010-2014年湖州市5岁以下儿童年均死亡率为6.89‰,呈现逐年下降趋势。各年份户籍与流动户籍死亡率经统计学分析,差异具有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。死因顺位:早产和出生低体重为5岁以下儿童第1位死因,而分列2至5位的是溺水、先天性心脏病、其他先天异常、意外窒息和出生窒息。死亡地点则死于医疗机构的占50.40%;死前接受过住院治疗比率为55.56%。结论进一步降低5岁以下儿童死亡率需加强对流动人群的关注,提高围产保健质量,重视并落实出生缺陷的一、二级预防措施,减少意外伤害,提高全市儿童生存与健康服务水平。
Objective To analyze the death of children under 5 years of age in Huzhou City from 2010 to 2014 and explore the key measures to further reduce the child mortality rate. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the death monitoring data of children under 5 years old in Huzhou during 2010-2014. Results The annual average death rate of children under 5 years of age from 2010 to 2014 was 6.89 ‰, showing a declining trend year by year. The death rates of household registration and mobile residence in all years were statistically analyzed, the difference was statistically significant (all P <0.01). Causes of death causes: premature birth and birth weight are the first cause of death in children under 5 years of age, while those in sub-groups 2 to 5 are drowning, congenital heart disease, other congenital anomalies, accidental asphyxia and birth asphyxiation. 50.40% of the deaths were from medical institutions; 55.56% were hospitalized before death. Conclusion To further reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 years of age, it is necessary to strengthen the attention to floating population, improve the quality of perinatal care, pay attention to and implement the primary and secondary prevention measures of birth defects, reduce accidental injuries and improve the city’s child survival and health services.