目的了解住院手术后患者医院感染相关危险因素,为制定医院感染预防控制措施提供依据。方法通过回顾性调查,对我院住院手术患者医院感染状况及其危险因素进行调查与分析。结果共调查住院手术患者3 600例,发生医院感染226例,感染率为6.27%。感染高发部位是呼吸道、泌尿道和手术切口。手术患者的年龄、手术持续时间、手术切口类型、基础疾病、各种导管留置构成手术后患者医院感染的主要因素。结论该医院手术患者医院感染发生率偏高,影响因素复杂,应针对相关危险因素开展防控措施。 Objective To understand the risk factors of nosocomial infection in hospitalized patients and to provide the basis for the establishment of nosocomial infection prevention and control measures. Methods Through retrospective investigation, we investigated and analyzed the prevalence and risk factors of nosocomial infections in hospitalized patients in our hospital. Results A total of 3 600 inpatients were hospitalized and 226 were hospitalized. The infection rate was 6.27%. High incidence of infection is the respiratory tract, urinary tract and surgical incision. The age of the patient undergoing surgery, the duration of the operation, the type of incision, the underlying disease, and the presence of various catheters constitute the major contributor to nosocomial infections in patients after surgery. Conclusion The incidence of nosocomial infections in this hospital is high and the influencing factors are complicated. Prevention and control measures should be taken according to the relevant risk factors.