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目的探讨拔牙创骨质结构改建对相邻微种植体作为正畸支抗的稳定性的影响,为微种植体的临床运用提供依据。方法 8只雄性Beagle犬按不同愈合时间段(1、3、8、12周)随机分成4组,每只Beagle犬拔除第3和第4双尖牙(P3,P4),实验微种植体邻近拔牙区域,对照微种植体位于第2双尖牙(P2)和第1磨牙(M1)区域,共植入微种植体128枚。选择96个微种植体组织块,通过拉拔试验测定微种植体的最大拉拔力值(pull-out force,POF)并将结果进行统计学分析。结果实验组和对照组POF值在第1周内没有表现显著性差异(P>0.05),在第3周对照组POF显著高于实验组(P<0.05)。两组POF高峰值均出现在第8周组。在前8周里,实验组和对照组的POF均随着时间得延长而增加,到第12周出现回落。实验组POF在各时间段均存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。而对照组仅第12周与第3、8周POF值表现显著性差异。结论邻近拔牙创植入的微种植体在无载荷愈合期可以保持稳定性。但拔牙创的早期愈合可能会加重微种植体-骨界面的炎症反应和骨吸收效应,即刻加载风险较大。
Objective To investigate the effect of remodeling of bone structure during orthodontic treatment on the stability of adjacent micro-implants as orthodontic anchorage, and to provide basis for the clinical application of micro-implants. Methods Eight male Beagle dogs were randomly divided into 4 groups according to different healing time periods (1, 3, 8, and 12 weeks). The third and fourth pairs of canines (P3 and P4) were removed from each Beagle dog. In the tooth extraction area, the control micro-implants were located in the second bicuspid (P2) and first molar (M1) areas, and 128 micro-implants were implanted. Ninety-six micro-implants were selected and the maximal pull-out force (POF) of micro-implants was determined by pull-out test and the results were statistically analyzed. Results There was no significant difference in POF between the experimental group and the control group in the first week (P> 0.05). POF in the third week was significantly higher in the control group than in the experimental group (P <0.05). The peak value of POF in both groups appeared in the 8th week group. In the first 8 weeks, the POFs of experimental group and control group increased with time and dropped to the 12th week. The experimental group POF in each time period there was a significant difference (P <0.05). The control group only 12 weeks and 3,8 weeks POF values showed significant differences. Conclusion Micro implants implanted near the tooth extraction can maintain the stability during no-load healing. However, early healing of toothpaste may increase the micro-implant-bone interface inflammatory response and bone resorption effects, with immediate risk of loading.