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基质辅助激光解吸电离技术(matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization,MALDI)是20世纪80年代发展起来的一种应用于质谱分析的电离化技术。MALDI技术在生物大分子的分析和检测方面获得了良好的应用。由于受有机基质分子的干扰,MALDI在小分子化合物分析方面的应用受到很大的限制。近年来为解决这一问题,一些用于MALDI分析的新型材料被设计和开发出来。这些新型材料主要包括:碳、硅、纳米金属等无机材料和新型有机分子等。除此之外,在传统基质中添加表面活性剂和对分析物衍生化等方法也被成功应用于小分子化合物的MALDI质谱分析中。本文对这些可应用于小分子化合物分析的新型MALDI基质进行了综述和展望。
Matrix assisted laser desorption / ionization (MALDI) was developed in the 1980s as an ionization technique for mass spectrometry. MALDI technology has been well used in the analysis and detection of biological macromolecules. Due to the interference of organic matrix molecules, the application of MALDI in the analysis of small molecule compounds is greatly limited. In recent years, new materials for MALDI analysis have been designed and developed to solve this problem. These new materials include: inorganic materials such as carbon, silicon, nano-metal and new organic molecules. In addition, the addition of surfactants to traditional substrates and the derivatization of analytes have also been successfully applied to MALDI mass spectrometry analysis of small molecule compounds. In this review, we summarize and prospect these novel MALDI matrices that can be applied to the analysis of small molecule compounds.