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众所周知,~(131)I 是核爆炸后早期落下灰中对人体危害较大的一种核素~[1,2],同时也是临床医学应用最广泛的一种放射性同位素~[8]。过去,在放射性碘的生物效应研究中,对甲状腺受照剂量的估算,是基于放射性碘在腺体中呈均匀分布,根据有关参数采用经典剂显公式计算的。这种方法计算的剂量与实际受照剂量有多大差别,还不十分清楚。为此,本文研究了~(131)I 在狗甲状腺中活性的分布情况,用 LiF 剂量元件测量了~(131)I 均匀分布的甲状腺水模型(以下简称甲状腺模型)中的剂量和狗食入~(131)I 后甲状腺的受照剂量,通过数学处理和分析,找出~(131)I 在狗甲状腺中的分布特点,建立了~(131)I 在甲状腺模型中的剂量分布函数,以描述剂量的空间分布,导出了计算甲状腺实际受照剂量的公式和甲状腺体的等剂量曲面方程,为~(131)I 的剂量与效应的研究提供参考性资料。
It is well-known that ~ (131) I is a kind of nuclide that is harmful to the human body in the early stage of nuclear explosion ~ [1,2] and is also the most widely used radioisotope in clinical medicine [8]. In the past, in the biological effects of radioactive iodine, thyroid doses were estimated based on radioactive iodine was evenly distributed in the gland, according to the relevant parameters calculated using the classic formulas. It is unclear how much the calculated dose differs from the actual dose. Therefore, the distribution of ~ (131) I activity in the thyroid of dogs was studied in this paper. The dosage of ~ (131) I in thyroid water model (hereinafter referred to as thyroid model) The dose distribution of ~ (131) I in the thyroid of dogs was found by mathematical processing and analysis. The dose distribution function of ~ (131) I in the thyroid model was established Describing the spatial distribution of dose, the formula for calculating the actual dose of thyroid gland and the isodose surface equation of thyroid gland are derived, which can provide reference information for the dose and effect of 131I.