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背景:随着年龄的增长,营养不良高危状态和营养不良发生率将显著增高;特别是老年人的营养状况已成为公共卫生的重点观察项目。目的:应用迷你型营养评定(mininutritionalassessment,MNA)结合人体测量学方法评价社区退休居民的营养状况。设计:以诊断为依据的横断面研究。地点、对象和方法:2002-05上海市某社区退休居民115名接受MNA问卷调查和人体测量学检测。主要观察指标:接受调查的115名上海某社区退休居民MNA总分、腰围、臀围、身高、体质量、体质量指数(bodymassindex,BMI)、中臂围、三头肌皮褶厚度(tricepsskinfold,TSF)、中臂肌围等调查结果。结果:①平均MNA总分为25.2±2.7,其中24名(21%)受试者MNA总分低于23.5,属营养不良或营养不良高危人群。②应用腰围、腰臀比和BMI评估,肥胖检出率分别为54%,62%和65%。③根据中臂围、TSF和中臂肌围评估,中至重度营养不良的发生率分别为2%,19%和2%。④MNA总分与多项人体测量学指标显著相关。结论:社区退休居民中营养过剩和营养低下共存,必须加强营养干预;MNA问卷在中国人营养状况评价中具有一定的实用价值。
Background: With age, the incidence of malnutrition at high risk and malnutrition will be significantly increased. The nutritional status of the elderly, in particular, has become a key public health observation project. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the nutritional status of retired residents in community with mininutrition assessment (MNA) and anthropometric methods. Design: A cross-sectional study based on diagnosis. Venue, Object and Method: In 2002, 115 retired residents in a community in Shanghai received the MNA questionnaire and anthropometric tests. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: MNA score, waist circumference, hip circumference, height, body mass, body mass index (BMI), midrib circumference, tricepsskinfold, TSF), muscular arm circumference and other survey results. Results: ① The average MNA score was 25.2 ± 2.7. Out of 24 (21%) subjects, the MNA score was lower than 23.5, which was at high risk of malnutrition or malnutrition. ② The waist circumference, waist-hip ratio and BMI were assessed. The detection rates of obesity were 54%, 62% and 65% respectively. ③ According to the mid-arm circumference, TSF and mid-arm muscle circumference assessment, the incidence of moderate to severe malnutrition were 2%, 19% and 2%. ④ MNA score and a number of anthropometric indicators were significantly correlated. Conclusions: Excessive nutrition and low nutrition co-exist among community-retired residents, and it is necessary to strengthen nutrition intervention. MNA questionnaire has certain practical value in Chinese nutritional status evaluation.