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危及公共健康的专利的存在,让专利的合理性及合法性颇受质疑,强化伦理审查是提高专利道德合理性及维护公共利益的必然要求。目前我国专利伦理审查面临多重挑战,致使伦理审查流于形式:意识层面上,面临“去伦理化”主张的挑战;立法层面上,立法不完善,缺乏审查依据和标准;实践层面上,审查主体、公众参与及反馈机制不健全。目前可通过厘清观念误区、健全法律体系、引入伦理审查委员会等多种举措来完善专利伦理审查及监督机制。
The existence of the patent that endangers public health makes the rationality and legality of the patent questionable. Strengthening the ethical review is a necessary requirement to improve the moral rationality of the patent and safeguard the public interest. At present, the review of patent ethics in our country is faced with multiple challenges, resulting in the stream of ethical review in the form of: ideological level, facing the challenge of “ethicalization.” At the legislative level, the legislation is imperfect and lacks the basis and standards for examination. On the practical level, The main body of review, public participation and feedback mechanism is not perfect. At present, we can improve the mechanism of patent ethical review and supervision by clarifying misunderstandings, improving the legal system and introducing ethical review committees.