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以强雌性西瓜品系BG1和普通花性型品系ZY10为材料配制杂交组合,调查单株30节位内的雌花比率,利用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型多世代联合分析法,对该组合的P1、P1、F1、F2、BC1P1和BC1P2等6个世代群体的雌花率性状进行分析。结果表明:西瓜强雌性状遗传受两对主基因的加性—显性—上位性模型控制(即B-1模型),主基因表现为隐性。第1和第2对主基因的加性效应值分别为33.46和5.17;而显性效应值分别为-20.56和-11.20。主基因遗传率在BC1P1和F2世代中高达93.75%和94.32%,在BC1P2世代中较低,为60.91%。在该组合中不存在多基因的效应。
In this study, we constructed a hybrid combination of strong female watermelon line BG1 and common floral line ZY10 and investigated the proportion of female flowers in 30 nodes of each plant. Based on the multiple generations of combined analysis of major genes plus polygenes, , P1, F1, F2, BC1P1 and BC1P2 were analyzed. The results showed that the strong female trait of watermelon was controlled by the additive-dominance-epistatic model of two major genes (ie, B-1 model), and the major genes showed recessiveness. The additive effects of the first and second pairs of major genes were 33.46 and 5.17, respectively; whereas the dominant effect values were -20.56 and -11.20, respectively. The heritability of major genes was as high as 93.75% and 94.32% in the BC1P1 and F2 generations, and 60.91% in the BC1P2 generation. There is no polygenic effect in this combination.