20世纪的医学越来越多地依赖专门的工具来作为诊断的手段,增加诊断的可靠性和客观性。但是,相应地也造成不利的一面,医生应当知道在什么情况下选择使用这些工具,假如支付检查的费用不高病人的情况很危险时,上述诊断方法是十分必要的。骨及关节外伤的病人常常需要作X线检查。由于医学法律,病人的希望,以及缺乏客观的检查标准,给予医生很大的压力,以至于使每一位病人都要作X线的检查。在美国耶鲁的New Haven医院的急诊部,尽管也常常强调住院医生要采用常规的体检诊断病人,但仍有十分之九的病人接受了一次或数次X线检查,作为诊断的措施。在社区医院 In the 20th century, medicine is increasingly relying on specialized tools as a diagnostic tool to increase the reliability and objectivity of diagnosis. However, there is a corresponding negative side. Doctors should know under what circumstances they choose to use these tools. If the cost of paying for the examination is not high, the patient’s condition is very dangerous. The above diagnosis method is very necessary. Patients with bone and joint trauma often require X-ray examination. Due to medical laws, the patient’s hopes, and lack of objective inspection standards, the doctors are put under great pressure so that every patient must be checked for X-rays. In the emergency department of the New Haven Hospital in Yale, USA, although it is often emphasized that resident doctors should use routine physical examination to diagnose patients, nine out of ten patients are still undergoing one or more X-ray examinations as a diagnostic measure. In the community hospital