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为进一步探讨小果油茶农家品种间的进化关系,对小果油茶农家品种的花粉形态及其与果实主要经济性状间的相关性进行了研究,并初步分析了小果油茶农家品种与其近缘物种间的亲缘关系。结果表明:小果油茶农家品种的花粉形态、极面观、赤道面观相似,均具有山茶属花粉的种属特征,但花粉粒表面纹饰特征呈现出明显的品种间差异。相关分析表明,小果油茶农家品种花粉粒极轴长(P)和P/E值(E赤道轴长)分别与果横径、果纵径、单果质量、果皮厚度、鲜果含油率、出仁率等果实主要经济性状间显著或极显著相关,与其他性状相关不显著。与36个山茶属物种花粉相比较,发现小果油茶农家品种的花粉粒大小与连蕊茶组、短柱茶组、糙果茶组、瘤果茶组、毛蕊茶组、原始山茶组、古茶组、金花茶组及茶组的大部分种相差甚远,但与油茶组和红山茶组的大部分种相似,表明小果油茶与油茶组和红山茶组的大部分种有较近的亲缘关系。
In order to further explore the evolutionary relationship among the cultivars of Camellia oleifera, the pollen morphology of the cultivars of Camellia oleifera and their correlation with the main economic traits of Camellia oleifera were studied. The relationships between the cultivars of Camellia oleifera and its related species Between kinship. The results showed that the pollen morphology, polar view and equatorial view of Camellia oleifera cultivars were similar. All of them had the genus of Camellia pollen. However, the pollen grains showed obvious inter-species differences. Correlation analysis showed that the polar axis length (P) and P / E (E-equatorial axis length) of pollen grains of Camellia oleifera cultivars were correlated with the fruit diameter, fruit longitudinal diameter, fruit mass, peel thickness, oil content of fresh fruit, Rate and other fruit main economic traits significant or very significant correlation, and other traits related to insignificant. Compared with the pollen of 36 Camellia species, the pollen grain size of the cultivars of Camellia oleifera was not significantly different from that of Liantucha group, Most of the ancient tea group, Camellia group and tea group were far away from each other, but most of the species belonging to the Camellia oleifera group and the Hongshan tea group were similar, indicating that most of the species of Camellia oleifera, Camellia oleifera and Camellia sinensis Close relationship.