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基于数字散斑相关方法(DSCM)发展了一种虚拟引伸计测量方法。该方法通过DSCM测量的应变场识别和定位裂纹,然后“事后”在裂纹处虚拟地安装引伸计,再通过DSCM测量的位移场计算裂纹的张开量和错动量。给出了虚拟引伸计的原理和实现方法,并用实验验证了虚拟引伸计的可靠性,同时分析并标定出虚拟引伸计在实测中可达到0.1像素的分辨率。将虚拟引伸计应用于含未穿透预制裂纹(三维裂纹)的花岗岩试件的破坏实验中,根据虚拟引伸计测得的裂纹张开、错动情况,对试件破坏过程中不同裂纹的出现顺序以及裂纹类型进行了判断,同时对试件破坏的机制进行了简单分析。
A virtual extensometer measurement method was developed based on digital speckle correlation method (DSCM). The method identifies and locates the crack through the strain field measured by the DSCM, and then virtually installs the extensometer at the crack afterwards and then calculates the crack opening and offset by the displacement field measured by the DSCM. The principle and implementation of the virtual extensometer are given. The reliability of the virtual extensometer is validated by experiments. At the same time, the virtual extensometer is analyzed and calibrated to achieve the resolution of 0.1 pixel in the experiment. Applying the virtual extensometer to the failure experiments of granite samples with non-penetrating prefabricated cracks (three-dimensional cracks), according to the virtual extensometer crack opening and dislocation, the occurrence of different cracks during the destruction of the specimen Order and type of cracks were judged, at the same time, the mechanism of specimen destruction was briefly analyzed.