目的　通过对慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血T细胞受体基因 β链 (TcellreceptorgeneBetachain ,TCRβ)重组与血清HBeAg ,抗 HBe和丙氨酸转氨酶 (ALT)平行检测 ,以探讨优势T细胞克隆在病程中的作用。方法　运用Southern杂交检测 85例慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血单个核细胞DNA。结果　 85例患者TCRβ 重组阳性率为 44 .7% ,大多数具有EcoRⅠ或 /和HindⅢ重组带。横断面比较及对 19例患者的随访表明 :TCRβ 基因重组的检出与HBV的清除和细胞毒作用有关。结论　TCRβ基因重组似可作为评价本病特异性免疫应答及肝脏损伤的一个指标 Objective To explore the relationship between T cell receptor gene beta chain (TCRβ) and serum HBeAg, anti-HBe and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in patients with chronic hepatitis B effect. Methods The DNA of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in 85 patients with chronic hepatitis B was detected by Southern blot. Results The positive rate of TCRβ recombination in 85 patients was 44.7%, most of which had EcoR Ⅰ or / and Hind Ⅲ recombination band. Cross-sectional comparisons and follow-up of 19 patients showed that the detection of TCRβ gene recombination was associated with HBV clearance and cytotoxicity. Conclusion Recombinant TCRβ gene may be used as an index for evaluating the specific immune response and hepatic injury