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一、比较优势理论概述大卫.李嘉图在其代表作《政治经济学及赋税原理》中提出了比较优势贸易理论。比较优势(Comparative advantage)理论是指如果一个国家在本国生产一种产品的机会成本低于在其他国家生产该产品的机会成本的话,则这个国家在生产该种产品上就拥有比较优势。
I. Overview of Comparative Advantage Theory David Ricardo proposed comparative advantage trade theory in his masterpiece Principles of Political Economy and Taxation. Comparative advantage theory means that a country has a comparative advantage in producing a product if the opportunity cost of producing it in one country is lower than the opportunity cost of producing the product in another country.