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药物耐受性(Drug Tolerance),是指人体或组织器官对以前接触过的某种药物或与其有关药物重复多次使用而引起药理作用的反应性降低的现象。根据耐受获得的遗传机制,可分为先天性耐受与后天获得性耐受。实验研究的领域多半是后一种耐受。根据耐受形成的时间,分快速耐受(象麻黄碱、脑垂体后叶素等)与慢速耐受(象吗啡、杜冷丁、组胺等)。当机体接触甲药产生了耐受时,对同类或结构类似的乙药也可产生耐受,此即所谓该机体对乙药呈现交叉耐受性(Cross-Tolerance)。近年来,药物耐受性研究的领域在扩展,本文仅就药物耐受的定量实验模型及吗啡耐受机理两方面的进展作一综述。
Drug tolerance (Drug Tolerance), refers to the human body or tissues and organs of the former contact with a drug or its repeated use of drugs caused by pharmacological effects decreased reactivity phenomenon. According to the inherited genetic mechanism of tolerance, it can be divided into congenital tolerance and acquired acquired tolerance. The field of experimental research is mostly the latter type of tolerance. According to the time of the formation of tolerance, rapid tolerance (such as ephedrine, pituitrin, etc.) and slow tolerance (such as morphine, dolantin, histamine, etc.). When the body exposed to a drug resistance, similar or similar structure of the drug can also produce tolerance, that the so-called body cross-tolerant to the drug (Cross-Tolerance). In recent years, the field of drug resistance research is expanding. This article reviews only the quantitative experimental model of drug tolerance and the progress of morphine tolerance mechanism.