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上海士绅阶层领导的地方自治潜藏着政治化主张。在颇具代表性的“拆城案”中,因为与整个官僚体系进行了持续的博弈,从而将这一愿望清晰地显露出来。但是,上海自治机构因无法突破官僚体系的约束,只能将“拆城”妥协为“辟城”;直到辛亥革命爆发后,利用凌驾于自治机构之上的官僚体系被切除这一契机,市政厅才实现了政治化和中心化转型,最终将城墙一个月之内拆除。但是,这一转型面临两大风险:一是在缺乏庇护机制的情况下独立地解决辛亥之后的复杂局面,二是来自民族国家以统一为目标的整合式革命的巨大压力。随着以统一为目标的中央话语体系和以自治为目标的地方话语体系矛盾的日益突出,国民党与北洋政府之间为争夺中央领导权的斗争,又将两套话语体系矛盾导上了一条“革命”的道路,从而为上海乃至全国地方自治的终结定下了一个宿命式基调。
Local autonomy under the leadership of the gentry class in Shanghai lurks a politicized standpoint. In the representative case of “Demolishing the City,” this desire was clearly revealed because of the ongoing game with the entire bureaucracy. However, since Shanghai’s self-government institutions were unable to break through the constraints of the bureaucratic system, they could only “break the city” into “cities”. Until the Revolution of 1911, the bureaucracy over the autonomous institutions was cut off A turning point, the city hall to achieve a politicized and centralized transformation, the final wall will be demolished within a month. However, this transformation faces two major risks. One is the complicated situation after the Xinhai Revolution independently in the absence of a mechanism of asylum. The second is the enormous pressure from the integrated revolution aimed at the reunification of the nation-state. With the increasingly prominent contradictions between the central discourse system aimed at reunification and the local discourse system targeting self-government, the struggle between the Kuomintang and the Beiyang governments for the struggle for central leadership leads the contradiction between the two discourse systems to a “ ”Revolution" road, thus setting a fateful tone for the end of local autonomy in Shanghai and the whole country.