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针孔摄影术是根据光束经过不透明屏幕上的小孔。光投射在底片上,构成拍摄物的像。针孔成像曾为亚里斯多德叙述过,并由达·芬奇从原理上加以解释并由瑞利正式地分析过。针孔照相机比透镜照相机的唯一优点是简易性。当一个物体用针孔照相机拍摄时,面对着照相机的物体上每一个点都在底片上投射出一个相应的光点。光点的组合物就是底片所记录的像。如果要使像清晰,相邻的发光点就不应重迭。因而它们应尽可能地小。
Pinhole photography is based on the light beam passing through opaque screen holes. Light cast on the film, constitute the image of the subject. Pinhole imaging was described by Aristotle and was theoretically explained by Leonardo da Vinci and formally analyzed by Rayleigh. The only advantage of a pinhole camera over a lens camera is its simplicity. When an object is shot with a pinhole camera, every point on the object facing the camera projects a corresponding light spot on the film. The spot composition is the image recorded on the film. If you want to make the image clear, adjacent dots should not overlap. So they should be as small as possible.