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由于铂族元素能有效地降低汽车尾气的污染 ,其需求量日益增加 ,对铂族元素矿床的寻找已是当务之急。着重从矿物矿床学角度对铂族元素的矿物共生特点进行了探讨。铂族元素可呈独立矿床产出 ,主要产于基性超基性层状侵入体、蛇绿岩套及阿拉斯加式侵入体中。铂族元素也伴生于铜镍矿床中 ,该类铜镍矿床主要与苏长岩侵入体、溢流玄武岩及科马提岩有关。产于基性超基性层状侵入体中的铂族矿物有铂钯硫化物、铂铁合金、钌硫化物、铑硫化物、铂钯碲化物、钯砷化物及钯的合金。这些铂族矿物可与硫化物矿物共生 ,也可与硅酸盐矿物共生 ,还可与铬铁矿及其他氧化物矿物共生。产于蛇绿岩套中的铂族矿物主要是钌铱锇的矿物 ,而铂钯铑的矿物则较少出现 ,这些铂族矿物可呈合金、硫化物、硫砷化物以及砷化物 4种形式出现。产于阿拉斯加式侵入体中的铂族矿物主要有铂铁合金、锑铂矿、硫铂矿、砷铂矿、硫锇矿及马兰矿等少数几种 ,其中铂铁合金与铬铁矿及与其同时结晶的高温硅酸盐矿物共生 ,而其他的铂族矿物则与后来的变质作用及蛇纹岩化作用中形成的多金属硫化物及砷化物共生。产于铜镍矿床中的铂族矿物主要是铂和钯的矿物。产于基性超基性层状侵入体、蛇绿岩套及阿拉斯加式侵入体中的铂族矿物的共同特点是它们均与铬铁矿?
As platinum group elements can effectively reduce vehicle exhaust pollution, its increasing demand, the search for the platinum group element deposits is a top priority. The mineral symbiosis characteristics of platinum group elements are mainly discussed from the perspective of mineral deposits. Platinum group elements can be produced as separate deposits, mainly in the basaltic ultramafic lamellar intrusions, ophiolites and Alaskan intrusions. Platinum group elements are also associated with the copper-nickel deposit, which is mainly associated with the soils of the sage, overflow basalt and komatiite. The platinum group minerals that are present in the basal thylakoid inclusions are platinum-palladium sulfide, platinum-iron alloy, ruthenium sulfide, rhodium sulfide, platinum palladium telluride, palladium arsenide and palladium alloys. These PGMs can be symbiotic with sulphide minerals, with silicate minerals, and with chromite and other oxide minerals. The platinum group minerals produced in the ophiolite suite are mainly ruthenium, iridium and osmium minerals, while the platinum, palladium and rhodium minerals are rare, these platinum group minerals can be alloy, sulfide, sulfur arsenide and arsenide in four forms appear. The platinum group minerals produced in the Alaskan intrusions mainly include platinum-iron alloy, antimony platinum ore, sulfur-platinum ore, arsenic platinum ore, permanganate ore and Malan ore. Among them, the platinum-iron alloys and chromite and their simultaneous crystallization Of the high-temperature silicate minerals, while other PGMs coexist with later metamorphism and polymetallic sulphides and arsenides formed from serpentinization. The platinum group minerals produced in the copper-nickel deposits are mainly platinum and palladium minerals. The common feature of the platinum group minerals that originate in the basaltic basaltic intrusions, ophiolite sets and Alaskan intrusions is that they are all associated with chromite?