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以茎尖为供体诱导胚状体分化成苗,完善与改进甘蔗脱毒健康种苗生产技术。以甘蔗新台糖22号为材料,比较茎尖胚状体、茎尖与腋芽3种分化成苗繁育方法在不同时期接种、不同激素水平下的组培苗增殖速度、苗素质及脱毒效果。结果表明,组培苗繁殖速度以茎尖胚状体分化苗最快,增殖5代后扩繁2 589倍,茎尖297倍,腋芽104倍,培养基以6-BA 1.5 mg/L+NAA 0.01～0.1 mg/L增殖效果最好;组培苗质量与繁殖速度相反。本试验中出现不正常生长的苗有白化苗、细弱小苗、玻璃化苗、疯长苗等4种,茎尖胚状体苗发生率1.77%,茎尖苗1.56%,腋芽苗0.31%;不同处理间组培苗生根及移栽成活率差异不显著,生根率茎尖胚状体苗75.3%、茎尖苗76.9%、腋芽苗76.6%,移栽成活率茎尖胚状体苗94.8%、茎尖苗95.4%、腋芽苗95.1%,生根培养基以NAA 7.5 mg/L+ABA2.5 mg/L最好;去除甘蕉宿根矮化病(RSD)、花叶病方面,以茎尖胚状体苗最好,RSD去除率95%、花叶病去除率100%,茎尖苗RSD去除率70%、花叶病去除率75%,腋芽苗未能去除RSD、花叶病。说明应用茎尖胚性细胞再生植株,脱毒效果好,繁殖速度快,可克服目前脱毒苗生产中试管苗扩繁量小、成本高的难题。
Using shoot tip as donor to induce embryoid body differentiation into seedling, perfecting and improving sugarcane detoxification healthy seed production technology. In this experiment, sugarcane Xintai22 was used as material to compare the proliferation rate, seedling quality and detoxification of tissue culture seedlings inoculated at different periods with different hormone levels by means of three differentiation and seedling methods of shoot tips, shoot tips and axillary buds. The results showed that the propagation speed of tissue culture seedlings was the fastest in differentiated shoots with shoot tip embryoid body. After 5 generations of proliferation, the propagation rate was 2 589 times, 297 times of shoot tips and 104 times of axillary buds. The medium was 6-BA 1.5 mg / L + NAA 0.01-0.1 mg / L had the best proliferative effect; the quality of tissue culture seedlings was opposite to the reproduction rate. In this experiment, there are 4 kinds of albino seedling, weak seedling, vitrified seedling and soaring seedling which have abnormal growth, the incidence rate of embryoid tip seedling is 1.77%, the shoot tip seedling is 1.56% and the axillary bud is 0.31% There was no significant difference in the rooting and transplanting survival rates of the tissue culture seedlings. The rooting rate was 75.3% of the shoot tips, 76.9% of the shoot tips, 76.6% of the axillary buds, 94.8% of the transplanted shoot tips, Spikelets 95.4%, axillary buds 95.1%, rooting medium with NAA 7.5 mg / L + ABA 2.5 mg / L best; to remove banana root dwarf disease (RSD), mosaic disease, The best seedling was RSD removal rate of 95%, Mosaic disease removal rate of 100%, Stem tip seedling RSD removal rate of 70%, Mosaic disease removal rate of 75%, Axillary buds failed to remove RSD, Mosaic disease. Explain the application of shoot tip embryogenic cells regenerated plants, good detoxification effect, reproductive speed, can overcome the current virus-free seedling production in vitro propagation of small volume, high cost of the problem.