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目的 分析3岁以内患儿室间隔缺损心内直视手术后早期心律失常及其危险因素,以期降低术后心律失常的发生率。方法 对1993年1月～2001年12月间389例患儿术后心律失常发生类型及发生因素进行分析。结果 年龄≤1岁、心胸比值(C/T)≥0.5、室间隔缺损直径≥1 cm、合并肺动脉高压、补片修复缺损、主动脉阻断时间≥30min及术后低钾血症与术后心律失常有密切关系。结论 心律失常是室间隔缺损术后早期严重并发症;早期手术、缩短主动脉时间、维持术后24h内循环稳定、防止电解质紊乱和缺氧、酸中毒的发生,是降低3岁以内室间隔缺损手术后心律失常发生率的有效措施。
Objective To analyze the early arrhythmia and its risk factors after open heart surgery in children under 3 years of age with ventricular septal defect in order to reduce the incidence of postoperative arrhythmia. Methods From January 1993 to December 2001 389 cases of children with postoperative arrhythmia type and occurrence were analyzed. Results The patients were ≤1 years old, the ratio of heart to chest (C / T) ≥0.5, the diameter of ventricular septal defect ≥1 cm, combined with pulmonary hypertension, patch repair defect, aortic blockade ≥30min and postoperative hypokalemia Arrhythmias are closely related. Conclusion Arrhythmia is a serious complication of early postoperative ventricular septal defect. Early surgery can shorten the time of aorta, maintain the stable circulation within 24 hours, prevent electrolyte disturbance and hypoxia and acidosis, reduce the incidence of ventricular septal defect Effective measures for the incidence of postoperative arrhythmia.