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研究易出胚基因型与难出胚基因型小孢子共培养,可促进难出胚基因型小孢子胚胎发育,提高产胚率。本研究以易出胚甘蓝型油菜(ZS758)基因型与难出胚青花菜(Q1和Q2)基因型为试材进行小孢子混合培养,研究不同数量花蕾混合共培养对青花菜小孢子胚胎诱导效率、胚胎发育过程、胚状体数量及类型和植株再生。结果表明:共培养中青花菜和油菜小孢子胚胎发育过程基本一致;不同处理中,T1-3(2个青花菜Q1花蕾+10个ZS758花蕾)和T2-3(2个青花菜Q2花蕾+10个ZS758花蕾)每蕾平均出胚数分别为12.5个和14.1个、子叶型胚比例分别为78.3%和81.7%、小孢子胚萌发率分别为92.6%和87.6%,均显著高于对照;T1-2(6个青花菜Q1花蕾+6个ZS758花蕾)和T2-2(6个青花菜Q2花蕾+6个ZS758花蕾)获得的青花菜小孢子再生植株数最多,分别为13株和27株;青花菜和油菜小孢子再生植株形态特征差异显著,易于区分。此方法不仅能有效促进难出胚青花菜基因型胚胎发育获得胚状体,而且提高了子叶型胚所占比例,对提高小孢子培养应用效率具有重要意义。
The study of easy-to-embryo genotype and difficult-to-embryo genotype microspore co-culture can promote the embryo development of difficult embryo genotypes and increase the embryo production rate. In this study, microspore culture was carried out on susceptible embryogenic (Brassica napus L.) (ZS758) genotype and hard-to-emerge Broccoli (Q1 and Q2) genotypes to study microspore embryo induction of broccoli Efficiency, embryonic development, number and type of embryoids and plant regeneration. The results showed that the embryo development of both microspores in co-cultivated and basic rapeseed was basically the same. In different treatments, T1-3 (two broccoli Q1 buds +10 ZS758 buds) and T2-3 (two broccoli Q2 buds + 10 ZS758 buds) were 12.5 and 14.1, respectively. The percentage of cotyledon embryos was 78.3% and 81.7%, respectively. The germination rate of microspore embryos was 92.6% and 87.6% respectively, which were significantly higher than that of the control. T1-2 (6 broccoli Q1 buds + 6 ZS758 buds) and T2-2 (6 broccoli Q2 buds + 6 ZS758 buds) had the highest number of microspore-regenerated plants, which were 13 and 27 The morphological characteristics of microspore regeneration plants between broccoli and rape were significantly different and easy to distinguish. This method not only can effectively promote the embryogenesis of hard-to-emerge broccoli genotype embryos, but also increases the proportion of cotyledon embryos, which is of great significance to improve the application efficiency of microspore culture.