论文部分内容阅读
近年来,恶性肿瘤的发病率亦逐渐升高。各种致瘤因素作用于细胞致基因损伤,原癌基因激活、抑癌基因失活、凋亡程序的调节、DNA修复基因等多元素作用,致细胞克隆性增生,基因的进一步损伤,细胞单克隆增生,最终导致肿瘤的发生。恶性肿瘤的发病潜伏期长,是多因素、多效应、多阶段的过程,从正常细胞到形成肿瘤,通常需要10~20年,甚至更长。正常细胞之间具有粘附作用,肿瘤细胞基因的改变,使其具有转移能力,而肿瘤的转移是肿瘤复发、治疗失败及死亡的
In recent years, the incidence of malignant tumors also gradually increased. A variety of oncogenic factors play a role in cell-induced gene damage, proto-oncogene activation, tumor suppressor gene inactivation, apoptosis program regulation, DNA repair genes and other multi-element effects, resulting in cell clonal proliferation, further gene damage, Clonal proliferation, eventually leading to the occurrence of tumors. Malignancy has a long incubation period and is a multi-factor, multi-effect, multi-stage process. It usually takes 10 to 20 years or even longer to grow from normal cells to tumors. Adhesion between normal cells, changes in tumor cell genes, so that it has the ability to metastasis, and tumor metastasis is tumor recurrence, treatment failure and death