索杆张力结构是指由张力索和压杆组成的、具有预应力自平衡的新颖结构体系。初始预应力分布的计算是索杆张力结构受力分析的基础。本文在讨论索杆张力结构体系特性的基础上，从平衡方程出发，应用矩阵奇异值分解方法和广义逆矩阵，计算确定索杆张力结构的初始预应力分布。算例表明本文的分析方法是正确和有效的。 Cable tension structure refers to the tension cable and pressure rod composition, with a pre-stressed self-balancing novel structural system. The calculation of initial prestress distribution is the basis of stress analysis of cable tension structure. Based on the discussion of the characteristics of the cable tension system, based on the equilibrium equation, the matrix singular value decomposition method and the generalized inverse matrix are used to determine the initial prestress distribution of the cable tension structure. The example shows that the analysis method in this paper is correct and effective.