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目的探讨新疆地区汉族和维吾尔族溃疡性结肠炎(UC)患者的发病情况及临床特点的差异。方法回顾分析经临床表现结合电子结肠镜及病理学检查确诊的 UC 患者699例,其中汉族522例,维吾尔族177例,对比汉族、维吾尔族两组患者的一般资料、年龄分布、临床表现、病变范围、病情严重程度、并发症的发生等的异同。结果维吾尔族组 UC 结肠镜检出率明显高于汉族组(P<0.05)。汉族组发病年龄较维吾尔族组发病年龄大(P<0.05),且汉族组年龄分布广泛。维吾尔族组发热、里急后重及消瘦症状明显(P<0.05),且慢性持续型和急性爆发型患者明显多于汉族组(P<0.01)。汉族组与维吾尔族组全结肠炎发病率比较差异有统计学意义(24.71%vs 30.51%,P<0.05)。维吾尔族组中、重度患者明显多于汉族组(76.3%vs 47.7%,P<0.01),并发症发生率明显高于汉族组(18.6%vs 6.9%,P<0.05),UC 患者的 ANCA 阳性率61.5%明显高于汉族组35.5%(P<0.05)。结论在新疆地区,不同民族 UC 患者具有不同的发病情况和临床特点。
Objective To investigate the incidence and clinical characteristics of Han and Uygur ulcerative colitis (UC) patients in Xinjiang region. Methods A total of 699 UC patients diagnosed by clinical manifestations combined with electronic colonoscopy and pathological examination were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 522 cases were Han and 177 cases were Uygur. The general data, age distribution, clinical manifestation and pathological changes of Han and Uigur patients were compared. Scope, the severity of the disease, the occurrence of complications similarities and differences. Results The detection rate of UC colonoscopy in Uighur group was significantly higher than that in Han group (P <0.05). The age of onset in Han nationality group was older than that in Uyghur ethnic group (P <0.05), and Han age group was widely distributed. The Uygur group had significantly more fever, tenesmus and weight loss (P <0.05), and more chronic persistent and acute burst than Han group (P <0.01). The incidence of total colitis in Han and Uygur nationality groups was significantly different (24.71% vs 30.51%, P <0.05). The incidence of complications in Uygur group was significantly higher than that in Han nationality group (76.3% vs 47.7%, P <0.01), and the incidence of complications was significantly higher in Han nationality group than in Han nationality group (18.6% vs 6.9%, P <0.05) The rate of 61.5% was significantly higher than that of Han group (35.5%, P <0.05). Conclusion In Xinjiang, UC patients of different nationalities have different incidence and clinical features.