新的世纪 ,新的时代 ,呼唤着新的思维方式。素质教育的实施 ,“3 +Ｘ”考试制度的推行 ,也要求学生必须变革思维方式。于是 ,系统论的观点得到充分地肯定和运用。它强调整体不等于部分之和 ,从整体、联系的观点对待事物 ,将事物看成是相互作用的要素构成的统一体 ;它强调从整体 The new century and new era call for new ways of thinking. The implementation of quality education and the implementation of the “3 + X” examination system also require students to change their way of thinking. Thus, the systemic viewpoint is fully affirmed and applied. It emphasizes that the whole is not equal to the sum of parts, treats things from the perspective of the whole and connected, and considers things as the unity of the elements of interaction; it emphasizes from the whole