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以27个美国大豆生育期组标准品种和8个华南地区大豆主栽品种为材料,结合不同生育时期记载及收获后考种数据的分析,对美国大豆不同生育期组标准品种及华南地区大豆主栽品种的生育期组及考种性状进行评价。结果表明:美国大豆熟期组I~VIII标准品种的生育期逐渐变长,从83 d增加到104 d。华南地区春播大豆品种的生育期为83~85 d,夏播大豆品种的生育期为95~104 d。对于生育期相近的大豆品种,美国的大豆表现为营养生长期(VE~R1)相对较短,生殖生长期(R1~R8)相对较长,而华南地区大豆主栽品种生育期的表现则与此相反。考种结果表明,参试品种在单株总荚数、单株有效荚数、百粒重、株高、主茎节数、分枝数、分枝长度等性状上存在着显著差异。农艺性状的差异与生育期存在着一定的联系和相关性。结合生育期和考种的结果,可将夏播大豆品种华夏1号、桂夏1号和华夏3号分别划归到熟期组VI、VII和VIII。早熟春播大豆品种广东1号、华春2号、华春6号、柳豆1号划归到熟期组V,中晚熟春播大豆品种划归到熟期组VI或VII。
Based on the data of 27 soybean cultivars in the United States and 8 soybean cultivars in South China, and the data of the records at different growth stages and after harvest, The cultivated varieties of the growth period group and test species traits were evaluated. The results showed that the growing period of I ~ VIII standard varieties in American soybean ripening stage gradually increased from 83 days to 104 days. The sowing dates of spring sowing soybean varieties in South China ranged from 83 to 85 days, and the sowing dates of summer sowing soybean varieties ranged from 95 days to 104 days. For soybean cultivars with similar growth stages, soybean in the United States showed a relatively short period of vegetative growth (VE ~ R1) and a relatively long period of reproductive growth (R1 ~ R8), while the performance of soybean cultivars in southern China This is the opposite. The test results showed that there were significant differences among the tested varieties in traits such as the total number of pods per plant, the effective pods per plant, the weight per plant, the plant height, the number of main stems, the number of branches and the length of branches. Agronomic traits and growth period there is a certain relationship and relevance. Based on the results of fertility and test, summer seeding soybean varieties Huaxia 1, Guixia 1 and Huaxia 3 can be divided into VI, VII and VIII respectively. Early spring sowing soybean varieties Guangdong 1, Huachun 2, Huachun 6 and Liu Dou 1 were classified as mature group V, medium and late-maturity spring sowing varieties were classified into mature group VI or VII.