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目的了解涿州市女性人乳头瘤病毒感染状况及危险因素,为其预防及诊治提供依据。方法采用基因芯片技术对涿州市3 148例女性人乳头瘤病毒进行HPV基因分型检测,并应用Logistic回归模型分析HPV感染的独立危险因素。结果人3 148例女性中检出661例感染HPV,总感染率为21.00%,其中高危感染627例(19.92%),低危感染34例(1.08%)。高危型HPV感染主要致病亚型为HPV16(5.88%)和HPV58(3.56%),低危型HPV感染主要致病亚型为HPV11(0.57%)和HPV6(0.41%)。HPV筛查年龄分布以21~50岁为主,31~40岁为高峰,51岁以上筛查人数明显减少,31~40岁HPV感染率最高,为23.41%。在不同类型HPV感染中,高危型感染465例(14.77%),31~40岁高危型感染率最高,为5.78%;低危型感染86例(2.73%),主要发生在21~60岁;复合感染110例(3.49%),31~40岁复合感染率最高,为1.33%。HPV感染的单因素分析结果显示,宫颈癌家族史、绝经、初婚年龄(≤20岁)、流产次数(1~3次)、流产次数(≥4次)是HPV感染的危险因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic多元回归方程结果显示,宫颈癌家族史、流产次数(1~3次)、流产次数(≥4次)是HPV感染的独立危险因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论涿州地区HPV感染率较高,易感因素较多,应加强该地区女性HPV的检测,及早发现宫颈病变及宫颈癌。
Objective To understand the status and risk factors of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in Danzhou city and to provide basis for its prevention and treatment. Methods Genomic microarray was used to detect genotypes of 3 148 female human papillomavirus (HPV) in Danzhou City. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the independent risk factors of HPV infection. Results A total of 661 HPV infections were detected in 3 148 women, with a total infection rate of 21.00%. 627 (19.92%) were high-risk infections and 34 (1.08%) were low-risk infections. The main pathogenic subtypes of high-risk HPV infection were HPV16 (5.88%) and HPV58 (3.56%). The main pathogenic subtypes of low-risk HPV infection were HPV11 (0.57%) and HPV6 (0.41%). The age distribution of HPV screening ranged from 21 to 50 years old and peaked from 31 to 40 years old. The number of screening patients over 51 years of age was significantly reduced, and the highest HPV infection rate was 31.4 years old to 23.41%. Among the different types of HPV infection, 465 cases (14.77%) were infected with high-risk type and the highest infection rate was 5.78% at 31-40 years old. 86 cases (2.73%) were infected with low-risk type, which mainly occurred in 21-60 years old. In 110 cases (3.49%), the composite infection rate was highest at 31-40 years old (1.33%). The results of univariate analysis of HPV infection showed that family history of cervical cancer, menopause, age of first marriage (≤20 years), number of miscarriage (one to three times) and miscarriage frequency (≥4 times) were risk factors of HPV infection with statistical difference Significance (P <0.05). Logistic multiple regression analysis showed that the family history of cervical cancer, the number of miscarriage (1 ~ 3 times) and the number of miscarriage (≥4 times) were independent risk factors for HPV infection, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion In Zhuozhou area, HPV infection rate is high and there are many predisposing factors. The detection of HPV in women in this area should be strengthened to detect cervical lesions and cervical cancer as soon as possible.