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海洋政策是国家或政府处理海洋事务的各种宏观或具体政策规划的总称,它总是体现于特定的政策文本之中。通过对国务院政府工作报告(1954-2015)的内容分析,可以大致呈现中国海洋政策的演变状况。研究发现,海洋政策占政府施政比重长期处于较低水平,且缺乏持续性。而在近些年来这一状况有所改善。同时,不同时期海洋政策中的施政重心有所不同,在近些年中呈现出逐渐重视宏观战略规划的趋势。海洋强国建设的成效取决于政府决策者对海洋事务的关注程度能否不断提升并持续下去。
Marine policy is the general term for various macroeconomic or specific policy plans that the state or government deals with maritime affairs. It is always embodied in specific policy texts. Through the analysis of the content of the report of the government work of the State Council (1954-2015), the evolution of China’s marine policy can be roughly presented. The study found that marine policy accounted for a long time the proportion of government governance at a low level, and the lack of continuity. This has improved in recent years. At the same time, the administrative center of gravity in marine policies in different periods has been different. In recent years, it has shown the tendency of gradually emphasizing macro-strategic planning. The effectiveness of the construction of a maritime power depends on whether the concern of government policymakers on ocean affairs can be continuously improved and sustained.