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涡轴发动机可靠、快速的起动过程是进入驱动旋翼飞行器安全工作的前提,高置信度的发动机起动过程模型不仅可以对起动过程进行分析与优化控制,而且减少了代价昂贵的发动机台架试车次数。本文针对起动过程复杂非线性特性的建模难题,提出一种通用的建模方法:即基于级累叠方法,根据进口条件计算各级气体流动参数来获得压气机低转速特性数据,同时根据相似原理外推出燃气涡轮、自由涡轮低转速部件特性,并将冷转动模型和部件级模型相结合。最后,建立了涡轴发动机起动模型,进行了地面状态起动过程的数字仿真,并与试车数据进行对比,最大误差小于10%,结果表明所建立的模型能准确模拟涡轴发动机的起动过程。
The reliable and fast start-up process of turboshaft engine is the prerequisite for safe operation of rotorcraft. The high-confidence engine start-up process model can not only analyze and optimize the start-up process, but also reduce the cost of expensive engine bench test. In this paper, aiming at the modeling problem of complex non-linear characteristic during starting process, a general modeling method is proposed: based on the cascade stacking method, the gas flow parameters at various levels are calculated according to the inlet conditions to get the low speed characteristic data of the compressor. The principle of gas turbines, free turbo low-speed components features, and cold-rotating models and component-level models combined. Finally, a turbine engine starting model was established and the ground-state start-up process was simulated. Compared with the test data, the maximum error was less than 10%. The results show that the model can accurately simulate the start-up process of turbine engine.