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采用顾益初、蒋柏藩的无机磷分级方法,研究了长期施肥下砂姜黑土无机磷组分含量变化、生物有效性及其与土壤有效磷的关系。结果表明,长期耗竭状况下Ca_2-P和Ca_8-P的植物营养效率最高,其次为Al-P和Fe-P,O-P和Ca_(10)-P也表现出了一定的有效性;Fe-P和Al-P对植物的营养贡献率最高,虽然Ca_2-P和Ca_8-P活性最高,但由于含量低,对磷素养分的贡献率较低,土壤磷素极度耗竭下,Ca_2-P的植物营养贡献率甚至低于Ca_(10)-P和O-P。砂姜黑土对磷的固定严重,土壤中积累的磷主要向Al-P、Fe-P和有效性更低的Ca_(10)-P和O-P转化,Ca_2-P、Ca_8-P的增量较少。相关分析和通径分析表明,无机磷组分对有效磷的贡献为:Al-P>Ca_8-P>Ca_2-P>Fe-P>O-P>Ca_(10)-P;建立了Olsen-P与无机磷组分间的回归方程:Y=3.8751+0.4674 X1+0.4470 X2+0.3769 X3-0.1166 X4-0.07838 X5(Y代表有效磷含量,X1、X2、X3、X4、X5分别代表Ca_2-P、Ca_8-P、Al-P、Fe-P和Ca_(10)-P含量;P<0.01,R~2=0.9989)。
The method of inorganic phosphorus grading by Gu Yichu and Jiang Baofan was used to study the changes of inorganic phosphorus contents, bioavailability and its relationship with soil available P under long-term fertilization. The results showed that under the condition of long-term exhaustion, Ca2-P and Ca8-P had the highest plant nutrition efficiency followed by Al-P and Fe-P, while OP and Ca10-P also showed some effectiveness. Fe- And Al-P had the highest contribution to plant nutrition. Although Ca2-P and Ca8-P had the highest activity, the contribution of phosphorus to nutrients was low due to the low content of Ca2-P and Ca2-P Nutritional contribution rate is even lower than Ca_ (10) -P and OP. Shajiang black soil has a strong fixation of phosphorus, and accumulated phosphorus in the soil mainly transforms to Al-P, Fe-P and the less effective Ca 10 -P and OP, while increases of Ca 2 -P and Ca 8 -P less. Correlation analysis and path analysis showed that the contribution of inorganic phosphorus components to available phosphorus was: Al-P> Ca_8-P> Ca_2-P> Fe-P> OP> Ca_ (10) -P; The regression equation between the inorganic phosphorus components: Y = 3.8751 + 0.4674 X1 + 0.4470 X2 + 0.3769 X3-0.1166 X4-0.07838 X5 (Y represents the effective phosphorus content, X1, X2, X3, X4 and X5 represent Ca2-P and Ca8 -P, Al-P, Fe-P and Ca_ (10) -P content; P <0.01, R ~ 2 = 0.9989).