浅析水墨人物画的笔墨意态

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本文选择中国水墨人物画的笔墨意态这个专题,希望藉“笔墨”这条主线,将水墨人物画发展过程中的形态表征及其内含的审美意蕴,加以归纳分析,揭示其变迁的内在规律。中国绘画发展的漫长历史中,对“笔墨”的探讨多集中在山水、花鸟画的范畴内进行,而有关人物画的“笔墨”专论,却尤显单薄。笔者认为,水墨人物画同样面 临“舍笔墨其何以形之战”的问题。对于笔墨形式及其审美意蕴的洞察,正是为了明晰水墨人物画的立足点和发展方向。本文首先明确了水墨人物画的定位、分类,理清一些长期存在的含糊概念;其次将水墨人物画的笔墨问题从形态和意蕴两个层面分别加以分析。归纳古已有之的理论与经验,结合近现代的艺术实践,珍惜传统的富贵遗产,正视艺术革新的成果、经验和教训。其中,关于笔墨形态的论述,从传 统的样式入手,分析传统写意水墨人物画笔墨形态:说明西方写实素描对水墨人物画走向写实道路的决定性作用;解析山水、花鸟画的笔墨程式在水墨画中的活用;举例分析实验水墨人物画的几位代表画家之作品,展示当代实验水墨的初步成果。论及笔墨意蕴的问题,着重于探析水墨人物画造型审判意趣形成变更的过程以及水墨人物画中笔墨审美价值的体现。 This article chooses the topic of ink and wash ink of Chinese ink figure painting. I hope to use “ink brush” as the main line to summarize and analyze the morphological representation of ink painting figure in the process of its development and reveal its internal regularity . In the long history of the development of Chinese painting, the exploration of “brush-and-ink” is mostly concentrated in the landscape, flowers and birds paintings. However, the “ink and brush” monograph on figure painting is especially thin. The author believes that the ink figure painting is also facing “why its form and how the war” problem. For the pen and ink forms and aesthetic implications of insight, it is to clarify the standpoint and direction of development of ink painting figures. This article first clarifies the orientation and classification of ink painting, clarifies some long-standing vague concepts, and then analyzes the ink-and-ink characters’ writing and ink questions from two aspects: form and meaning. Summarize the ancient theory and experience, combined with modern art practice, cherish the traditional rich heritage, face up to the achievements, experiences and lessons of artistic innovation. Among them, the discussion on the form of brush and ink, starting from the traditional style, analyzes the traditional brushwork of ink and wash characters: the decisive role of the Western realistic sketch on the road to realistic painting of ink and wash figures; For example; analyzing the works of several representative painters of experimental ink-and-wash figures to show the preliminary results of contemporary experimental ink and wash. On the issue of the meaning of pen and ink, this paper focuses on the process of forming and changing the interest of courtesy in ink-and-wash painting and the embodiment of the aesthetic value of pen and ink in ink-and-wash painting.
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