中国幅员辽阔,自然条件差别大,各个地区社会经济的发展很不平衡。研究清代前期的小农经济,有必要按地区加以考察,以探索其发展中所呈现的差异。本文所说的北方,即通常所指直隶、山东、山西、陕西、河南等北方五省。由于作者的学识和资料积累有限,不能对北方小农经济作全面探讨,只拟涉及其中的某些方面,希望学术界同仁作出更细致精当的研究。 With its vast territory and vastly different natural conditions, China’s social and economic development in various regions is very uneven. To study the small-scale peasant economy in the early Qing Dynasty, it is necessary to examine it by region to explore the differences in its development. The northern part of this article refers to the five northern provinces of Zhili, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi and Henan. Due to the limited knowledge and information accumulated by the author, it is impossible to conduct a comprehensive discussion on the peasant economy in the north and only intends to involve some aspects of it. We hope colleagues in the academic field will make more detailed and precise studies.