Background Many studies indicated the human cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) gene polymorphism was associated with acute leukemia (AL) susceptibility,however,the results were inconsistent.So we performed this meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between CYP2D6*3 or CYP2D6*4 polymorphism and AL susceptibility.Methods We searched PubMed database up to February 20,2013,and finally yielded 9 case-control studies including 1343 cases and 1843 controls which tested the association between CYP2D6*3 or *4 polymorphism and AL.After data extraction,we conducted a meta-analysis using the Comprehensive Meta Analysis software.Results Overall,no significant association between CYP2D6*3 or *4 polymorphism and AL risk was found in this metaanalysis (+ vs.-:OR=1.13,95％ CI=0.79-1.63; +/+ vs.-/-:OR=1.73,95％ C/=0.99-3.02;-/+ vs.-/-:OR=1.03,95％ C/=0.68-1.56; (-/+ and +/+) vs.-/-:OR=1.08,95％ C/=0.72-1.63; +/+ vs.(-/+ and-/-):OR=1.76,95％ C/=0.98-3.17).Similar results were also been found in stratified subgroup analysis.There was no publication bias.Conclusion CYP2D6*3 or *4 polymorphism might not be associated with AL susceptibility.However,the results need to be further confirmed by well-designed and high quality randomized controlled trials with larger sample sizes.