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在异质性企业贸易模型提出以后,基于企业层面研究出口的决定因素越来越受到重视,同样,研究出口对企业所带来的影响也受到了欢迎。本文在1999-2007年中国工业企业数据库关于制造业企业经营状况的统计结果的基础上,运用混合横截面、面板数据固定效应以及随机效应分析,研究企业出口对其竞争能力、经营能力以及福利状况的影响,其中分别用生产率、利润规模以及人均工资衡量企业的竞争能力、经营能力以及福利状况。结论认为:出口与企业竞争能力呈显著的负相关;出口与企业经营能力呈负相关,但是处在显著性的边缘;出口与企业福利状况呈正相关,但也是处在显著性边缘。可见,出口并不一定能给企业带来好处。
After the heterogeneous enterprise trade model was put forward, the determinants of export based on the research on the enterprise level have drawn more and more attention. Similarly, the impact of export on the enterprises has also been welcomed. Based on the statistical results of China’s industrial enterprises database on the operating conditions of manufacturing enterprises from 1999 to 2007, this paper uses mixed cross-section, panel data fixed effects and stochastic effects analysis to study the impact of export on competitiveness, business capability and welfare status Which measure, respectively, the competitiveness, managerial ability and welfare status of enterprises with productivity, profit scale and per capita wage respectively. The conclusion is that there is a significant negative correlation between exports and the competitiveness of enterprises; the export is negatively correlated with the company’s business capabilities, but at the margins of significance; and the export is positively correlated with the welfare of enterprises, but also at the margins of significance. Can be seen that the export does not necessarily bring benefits to the enterprise.