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选择单株有效穗数差异大的3个亲本CB1(15.3)、CB4(6.4)和CB7(11.8),配制CB1×CB4和CB7×CB4组合,建立了相应的P_1、F_1、P_2、B_1、B_2、F_2群体,将其分为中、晚两个生产季节种植,考察了有效穗数性状.利用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型理论的Akaike信息准则(AIC)在B_1、B_2、F_2代中鉴定影响数量性状的主基因存在与否,主基因存在时通过分离分析估计主基因和微效基因的遗传效应及所占总变异的分量.结果表明该性状在所有B_1、B_2、F_2中均符合2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因的遗传模式,主基因遗传率为30.64%-72.26%,多基因遗传率为3.41%-28.20%,总基因遗传率为45.96%-87.29%;相同组合种植季别主基因遗传率及一阶参数对比表明,杂交亲本的选择及种植季别对该性状遗传率影响较小,h_a、h_b、j_(ab)、j_(ba)值均为负值表明显性效应和加性显性互作对该性状表达具有抑制作用.
Three parents CB1 (15.3), CB4 (6.4) and CB7 (11.8) with large difference in panicles per plant were selected to prepare the corresponding combinations of P 1, F 1, P 2, B 1 and B 2 And F_2 populations were planted in middle and late planting seasons, and the number of effective panicle traits was investigated.The Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) was used to identify B_1, B_2 and F_2 generations based on the mixed genetic model of major genes plus polygenes The major genes affecting the quantitative traits existed or not, and the genetic effects of the major and minor genes were estimated through segregation analysis in the presence of the major genes, and the components of the total variance were estimated. The results showed that the trait conformed to 2 in all B 1, B 2 and F 2 The inheritance patterns of additive-dominance-epistatic major gene plus additive-dominance-epistatic polygene were 30.64% -72.26% for the major genes and 3.41% -28.20% for the polygene. The total gene The heritability was 45.96% -87.29%. The comparison of the heritability and first-order parameters in the same combinations showed that the selection of hybrid parents and seasons did not affect the hereditary rate of h_a, h_b, j_ (ab) , J_ (ba) values are negative, indicating that the dominant effect and additive dominant interaction inhibit the expression of this trait use.