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目的:初步探讨河南省高校育龄女教职工乳腺疾病的患病率及其影响因素。方法:对该高校2011年参加体检的18~83岁2 811例育龄女教职工采用面对面问卷调查的方式进行乳腺疾病相关情况调查,乳腺疾病普查包括临床体检和乳腺红外线检查,采用SPSS 17.0软件分析数据。结果:河南省某高校女教职工乳腺疾病的患病率为34.30%,前3种乳腺疾病分别为乳腺增生、局部增厚、小叶萎缩不全,其患病率分别为18.07%、7.48%、5.20%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:年龄及是否绝经与乳腺疾病患病率呈正相关,且随着年龄增长,乳腺疾病的患病危险性增加,同时未绝经的女性患乳腺疾病的危险性是绝经女性的1.809倍;初产年龄及活产个数与乳腺疾病呈负相关,初产年龄越低、活产个数越多,女性乳腺疾病患病危险性就越低;乳腺疾病组高密度脂蛋白水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:河南省高校女教职工乳腺疾病患病率较高,且受多种因素影响。应定期在高校女教职工中进行乳腺疾病筛查,并加强其二级预防。
Objective: To investigate the prevalence and influential factors of breast diseases among female workers of childbearing age in Henan Province. Methods: A total of 2 811 women of childbearing ages from 18 to 83 years old who participated in the medical examination at the university in 2011 were surveyed by means of face-to-face questionnaires to investigate breast diseases. The screening of breast diseases included clinical examination and breast infrared examination. SPSS 17.0 software analysis data. Results: The prevalence of breast diseases in female college staff in a university in Henan Province was 34.30%. The first three breast diseases were hyperplasia of breast, local thickening and atrophy of lobular. The prevalence rates were 18.07%, 7.48%, 5.20% %. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age and whether menopause were positively correlated with the prevalence of breast disease, and that the risk of breast disease increased with age, while the risk of breast cancer in non-menopausal women was the risk of menopause 1.809 times; primiparous age and the number of live births and breast disease was negatively correlated with the age of first trimester, the more the number of live births, the lower the risk of breast disease in women; breast disease group of high-density lipoprotein The level was lower than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of breast diseases among female staff in colleges and universities in Henan Province is high and affected by many factors. Breast disease screening should be carried out regularly among female staff in colleges and universities and its secondary prevention should be strengthened.