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巴西生命科学产业是随着20世纪90年代以来新自由主义和私有化浪潮兴起的,它起步较晚但发展迅速,目前巴西已成为全球生命科学产业较发达的国家之一。巴西生命科学技术成果主要应用于农业、医药和能源三大领域。生命科学对传统农业的渗透主要表现在转基因作物的种植上,巴西已成为仅次于美国和阿根廷的世界第三大转基因作物种植国。在生物能源领域,巴西主要发展乙醇能源,已成为仅次于美国的第二大乙醇生产国,是世界上唯一不供应纯汽油的国家。巴西还将生物制药部门视作经济发展的一个重要推动力量,在整个生命科学产业中,生物医药技术公司占的比重最大。
With the rise of neo-liberalism and privatization in Brazil since the 1990s, the life sciences industry in Brazil started relatively late but rapidly. At present, Brazil has become one of the most developed countries in the world in the life science industry. Brazil’s life science and technology achievements are mainly used in agriculture, medicine and energy three major areas. The infiltration of life science into traditional agriculture is mainly manifested in the cultivation of genetically modified crops. Brazil has become the third largest producer of genetically modified crops in the world after the United States and Argentina. In the field of bioenergy, Brazil mainly develops ethanol energy and has become the second largest ethanol producer after the United States. It is the only country in the world that does not supply pure gasoline. Brazil also sees the biopharmaceutical sector as an important driver of economic growth, with biomedical technology companies accounting for the largest share of life sciences.