腹泻为婴儿死亡主要原因之一,大部分是由产肠毒素细菌引起。这类细菌有两种致病因素:即具有粘附肠上皮细胞的能力,这有助于细菌定居和繁殖;另一种是产生肠毒素,刺激肠壁细胞分泌大量水和电解质。这二种致病作用都有赖于特异性肠受体的存在。这种受体可能与上皮细胞膜上的寡聚糖结构有关。霍乱弧菌肠毒素受体目前已知是一种酸性糖脂—GM_1神经节苷脂。给婴儿喂食人乳能明显降低腹泻的发病率和疾病严重性。这种保护作用是由于在乳汁中含有高浓度的免疫球蛋白,主要是特异性抗菌或肠毒素的分泌型IgA。最近又发现 Diarrhea is one of the major causes of infant death, most of which is caused by enterotoxin-producing bacteria. These bacteria have two causative factors: the ability to adhere to intestinal epithelial cells, which helps colonize and multiply bacteria; the other is to produce enterotoxins that stimulate the gut cells to secrete large quantities of water and electrolytes. Both of these pathogenic effects depend on the presence of specific intestinal receptors. This receptor may be related to the oligosaccharide structure on the epithelial cell membrane. Vibrio cholerae enterotoxin receptor is currently known as an acidic glycolipid-GM_1 ganglioside. Feeding human milk to infants significantly reduces the incidence and severity of diarrhea. This protective effect is due to the high concentration of immunoglobulin in milk, mainly secreted IgA specific antibacterial or enterotoxin. Recently discovered