急性白血病(AL)是儿童时期发生率、死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤。AL的正确分型诊断能够有效地指导临床制定治疗方案、预测预后。最经典和广泛的AL诊断分型是应用FAB形态学和细胞化学等方法进行。但是,由于白血病的异质性大,其中约有20％～40％的病例由于形态学表现不典型或细胞发育幼稚等原因,很容易造成分型误差。目前国内外有条件的医院对AL的诊断主 Acute leukemia (AL) is a childhood malignancy that has the highest mortality rate. The correct classification of AL diagnosis can effectively guide the clinical development of treatment options to predict the prognosis. The most classic and extensive AL typing is performed using methods such as FAB morphology and cytochemistry. However, due to the heterogeneity of leukemia, about 20% to 40% of cases due to morphological atypia or immature cells and other reasons, it is easy to cause typing error. At present, domestic and foreign conditional hospital diagnosis of AL