论文部分内容阅读
人眼晶状体任何一部或全部变混浊时,称为白内障。职业性因素所致的白内障,被列为国家法定的职业病之一。我国国家标准《放射防护规定》(GBJ 8—74)中,将眼晶状体列为第一类受照射器官,并在有关放射性工作人员的健康管理条文中,规定对从事中子、γ射线或X射线的放射性工作者,在就业前体检或就业后定期体检时需要注意眼晶状体的检查。晶状体上皮细胞对射线作用是十分敏感的,且晶状体没有血管,新陈代谢易于发生障碍,受放射损伤部分的组织修复能力较低。因此,在放射性工作中,当晶体受到一定剂量的β射线、X射线、γ射线或中子流等作用时,可发生混浊。放射性白内障是电离辐射作用所致晚期效应之一,因而也是放射卫生防护工作密切关心的一个问题。
Any one or all of human lens opacity, known as cataracts. Cataract caused by occupational factors, is listed as one of the national legal occupational diseases. In China’s national standard “Radiation Protection Regulations” (GBJ 8-74), the lens of the eye as the first category of irradiated organs, and in the health management provisions of the radioactive staff, provides for the neutron, gamma rays or X Radiological radiographers need to pay attention to the examination of the lens of the eye during physical examinations before employment or after regular employment. Lens epithelial cells on the role of radiation is very sensitive, and the lens without blood vessels, metabolic disorders prone to be affected by radiation damage part of the lower tissue repair capacity. Therefore, in radioactive work, turbidity may occur when the crystal is subjected to a certain dose of beta ray, X-ray, gamma ray or neutron flux. Radioactive cataract is one of the late effects caused by the effects of ionizing radiation and is therefore a matter of great concern for radiation protection efforts.