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目的分析山东省东营市2008—2013年疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)发生特征。方法通过全国AEFI监测信息管理系统,收集东营市2008—2013年AEFI个案数据,采用描述性方法对相关指标进行流行病学分析。结果 6年内所有接种门诊共报告682例AEFI,>70%由国家免疫规划(NIP)疫苗引起;其中≤1岁占69.94%,男、女比例为1.34:1,一般反应占91.05%,异常反应占8.5%,其中过敏性皮疹占4.84%,卡介苗淋巴结炎占0.73%;在接种后1 d内发生最多(77.86%),发生率为34.49/10万剂;报告数居前3位的疫苗依次为百白破(无细胞)疫苗241例(53.57/10万剂),白破二联疫苗52例(49.51/10万剂),乙脑(减毒)疫苗49例(18.77/10万剂),治愈672例(98.53%),后遗症10例(1.46%)。结论东营市AEFI监测敏感性和监测质量尚需提高;AEFI常发生在小年龄儿童、NIP疫苗、首剂接种、接种后≤1 d,此为监测重点。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of suspected immunization anaphylaxis (AEFI) in Dongying City, Shandong Province from 2008 to 2013. Methods AEFI monitoring information management system was used to collect data of AEFI cases in Dongying City from 2008 to 2013, and the descriptive method was used to carry out epidemiological analysis of related indicators. Results A total of 682 AEFIs were reported in all immunization clinics in 6 years. More than 70% of them were caused by the NIP vaccine. Among them, ≤1 years old accounted for 69.94%, the male and female ratio was 1.34: 1, the general reaction was 91.05% Accounting for 8.5%, of which 4.84% were allergic rashes, 0.73% of BCG lymphadenitis; the most incidence was 77.86% within 1 d after inoculation, the incidence rate was 34.49 / 10 million doses; the top 3 vaccines reported in turn Among them, 241 cases (53.57 / 10 million doses) of Baibab broken (cell free) vaccine, 52 cases (49.51 / 10 million doses) of white-dampness dual-vaccine and 49 cases (18.77 / 10 doses) of JE attenuated vaccine , Cured 672 cases (98.53%), sequelae 10 cases (1.46%). Conclusion The sensitivity and quality of AEFI monitoring in Dongying City need to be improved. AEFI often occurs in small children and NIP vaccine. The first dose of vaccination is ≤1 d after inoculation. This is the key point for monitoring.