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随着电子技术的发展和医学科学、尤其是血液学的进步,各种类型血液分析仪大量进入到临床常规实验室。这些高度精密化、系统化、电脑化的先进分析仪给临床带来了更可靠、更大量的有关参数,给临床诊断与治疗提供了更多的指标。同时由于有关参数的日趋增多,给临床医生增加了许多需要掌握的新知识。现将有关血液分析的原理、影响因素、参数及临床意义介绍如下。一、血液分析仪原理 50年代临床上开始使用机器计数血细胞,当时的仪器都采用电容法或光电法能量转换原理进行细胞计数。电容法主要是改变两电极间电容量获得脉冲信号的原理计数,光电法是用细胞和稀释液对光吸收度的不同,使光敏原件在细胞通过时产生脉冲信号
With the development of electronic technology and advances in medical science, especially hematology, a large number of various types of blood analyzers have entered clinical routine laboratories. These highly sophisticated, systematic and computerized advanced analyzers bring more reliable and larger quantities of relevant parameters to clinic, and provide more indexes for clinical diagnosis and treatment. At the same time, due to the increasing number of parameters, clinicians have added a lot of new knowledge needed to be mastered. Now on the principle of blood analysis, influencing factors, parameters and clinical significance are as follows. First, the principle of the blood analyzer 50 clinical clinics began to use the machine count blood cells, when the instruments are used capacitance or photoelectric energy conversion principle of cell counting. Capacitance method is to change the capacitance between the two electrodes to obtain the principle of pulse counting principle, the photoelectric method is the use of cells and diluent on the different optical absorption, so that the photosensitive elements in the cell through the pulse signal