地膜覆盖栽培具有明显的早熟增产优势,已引起人们的重视,但在生产上仍存在一些影响效益发挥的问题,需认真解决。 一、烤苗与寒苗 苗期管理不善,会发生烤苗、寒苗现象。发生烤苗的原因:一是放风不及时或放风量不够,膜下高温烤伤作物幼苗;二是定植孔封闭不严,膜下高温高湿气体从孔中冲散而出,伤害作物茎叶。防止办法是及时放风炼苗,平时要把引苗孔及定植孔封严;发生寒苗(包括霜冻和冷害)的原因:一是播种、定植偏早,二是倒春寒。防止办法是增加临时覆盖物防寒。 Mulch mulching has obvious premature yield increasing advantages, which have aroused people’s attention, but there are still some problems in the production that affect the benefits to be exerted and need to be seriously solved. First, roasted seedlings and cold seedlings Poor management, there will be roasted seedlings, cold seedlings phenomenon. The reasons for the occurrence of roasted seedlings: First, the wind is not timely or the amount of ventilation is not enough, the film under high temperature roasted crop seedlings; Second, the planting hole closed lax, high temperature and humidity under the film from the hole in the leaves, hurt crop stems and leaves . Preventive measures are promptly disseminated, usually lead the seedlings and planting holes should be sealed; occurrence cold vaccine (including frost and chilling injury) reasons: First, sowing, planting early, and second, late spring cold. Prevention is to increase the temporary cover cold.