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在湘北沅水下游的平原集中棉区,蜘蛛在棉虫捕食性天敌中占80.67％,其种类已知6科10种。草间小黑蛛为优势种,常见的还有八斑球腹蛛、T-纹豹蛛与食虫瘤胸蛛。本文分析了棉花各生育期的蜘蛛群落组成和数量动态,在棉苗期和蕾期前段,蜘蛛在数量上对棉蚜具有压倒优势,可起有效控制作用。此后由于滥施剧毒农药,蜘蛛群落遭到毁灭性破坏,其数量在整个花铃期处于低水平的不规则波动状态中,无力发挥有效影响。改善冬作物清茬作业和合理用药,是保护棉田蜘蛛资源的两大关键。
In the plain cotton area of the lower reaches of the Yuanjiang River in the north of Hunan Province, spiders account for 80.67% of the predatory natural enemies of cotton insects, and 10 species of 6 families are known. Small black spider grass is the dominant species, common eight-spotted spider spider, T-leopard spider panthera and insect insects. In this paper, we analyzed the composition and quantity dynamics of spider communities in different growth stages of cotton. In the early stage of cotton seedling stage and bud stage, spiders had an overwhelming effect on cotton aphid in quantity, which could effectively control the cotton aphid population. Since then, the spider community was destructively destroyed due to the indiscriminate application of highly toxic pesticides. The number of spider communities was at a low level of irregular fluctuations throughout the flower-setting period and was unable to exert an effective influence. Improving winter crops stubble operation and rational use of drugs, is to protect cotton spider resources of the two key.