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将１００例外科重危病人，随机分为手术后预防性机械通气组（甲组），术后预防性机械通气６～９６ｈ，术后吸氧组（乙组）术后予鼻管吸氧。两组各５０例分别观察氧合指数、术后呼吸道并发症、病死率等。结果：（１）ＰａＯ２／ＦｉＯ２比值，术前两组对照（乙组优于甲组）有显著差异，Ｐ＜０．０５，术后甲组即开始升高，乙组反而下降，两组已无差异，Ｐ＞０．０５；（２）术后肺部并发症发生率甲组１２％，无呼衰死亡，乙组３６％，３例死于呼衰。提示：外科危重病人术后应用预防性机械通气可提高其氧合指数，改善通气降低术后肺部并发症的发生和减少病死率。
One hundred patients with severe surgery were randomly divided into preventive mechanical ventilation group (group A) and prophylactic mechanical ventilation (6 ~ 96 h) after operation. Oxygen inhalation was given to the nasal tube after operation in the oxygen inhalation group (group B). 50 patients in each group were observed oxygenation index, postoperative respiratory complications, mortality and so on. Results: (1) PaO2 / FiO2 ratio, there was significant difference between the two groups before surgery (group B is superior to group A), P <0.05. Group A began to increase after operation, while group B decreased. No difference, P> 0.05; (2) The incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications was 12% in group A, without respiratory failure, 36% in group B, and 3 died of respiratory failure. Hint: Preoperative prophylactic mechanical ventilation can improve the oxygenation index in critically ill patients after surgery, improve ventilation and reduce postoperative pulmonary complications and reduce mortality.