一、文献复习:自从Ernst Scharrer氏于半个世纪前发现了神经分泌细胞(neu-rosecretory cell),这种神经元对神经系统功能的意义便引起了生物学家们的兴趣。神经分泌细胞是那些同时具有神经与内分泌两种特性的细胞,它们存在于从腔肠动物乃至人的神经系统中。 神经分泌细胞仅仅代表一类多肽能神经元(即合成并分泌多肽的神经元)。在过去的十年中,在脑与周围神经系统中已经发现了 Literature review: Since Ernst Scharrer discovered neu-rosecretory cells half a century ago, the significance of such neurons to the function of the nervous system has drawn the interest of biologists. Neuroendocrine cells are those that have both neuronal and endocrine properties, and are present in the nervous system from coelenterates and even humans. Neurosecretory cells represent only one class of pluripotent neurons (ie, neurons that synthesize and secrete polypeptides). In the past decade, it has been found in the brain and peripheral nervous system