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黄河是世界上泥沙最多、灾害最大的河流,平均含沙量每立方米37公斤,年输沙量16亿吨(三门峡以上),居世界多泥沙河流之冠。在世界多泥沙河流中,埃及的尼罗河年输沙量为1.11亿吨,老挝的湄公河1.32亿吨,苏联的阿姆河2.18亿吨,美国的密西西比河3.12亿吨,巴西的亚马逊河3.62亿吨,巴基斯坦的印度河为6.8亿吨,孟加拉国的恒河和布拉马普特拉河水系为12.2亿吨。这些河流虽然输沙量很大,但大多水量充沛,平均含沙量每立方米都在3公斤以下,不到黄河平均含沙量的十分之一。 在黄河总输沙量16亿吨中,陕西省为8亿吨,占一半。这8亿吨泥沙主要来自陕北和渭北,其中窟野河年输
The Yellow River is the world’s largest and most disastrous river with an average sediment concentration of 37 kilograms per cubic meter and an annual sediment discharge of 1.6 billion tons (above Sanmenxia), ranking the highest among all the rivers in the world. In the world of sediment-laden rivers, the annual Nile sediment transport in Egypt is 111 million tons, 132 million tons are for the Mekong River in the Lao People, 218 million tons are for the Amu River in the Soviet Union, 312 million tons are for the Mississippi River in the United States, and 362 million tons are for the Amazon River in Brazil Ton, Pakistan’s Indian River is 680 million tons, Bangladesh’s Ganges and Brahmaputra River system is 1.22 billion tons. Although these rivers have a large sediment load, most of them are abundant in water. The average sediment concentration is below 3 kg per cubic meter, less than one tenth of the average sediment concentration of the Yellow River. In the total volume of 1.6 billion tons of the Yellow River, Shaanxi Province is 800 million tons, accounting for half. This 800 million tons of sediment mainly comes from Northern Shaanxi and Weibei, among which Kuyehehe is losing