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【摘 要】目的：利用广西出生缺陷监测网收集2003-2012年的资料，了解广西神经管缺陷畸形发生率及其动态变化，为制定神经管缺陷的预防措施提供参考依据。方法：采用以医院为基础的方法收集调查41所县级以上监测医院分娩的孕28周至产后7 d的围生儿。结果：10年来广西围产儿神经管缺陷畸形平均发生率为4.94/万，其中無脑畸形、脊柱裂和脑膨出的发生率分别为2.69/万、1.52/万、0.72/万，男性发生率为0.99/万，女性发生率为3.95/万，两者差异有显著性（P=O.000）；城镇发生率为2.32/万，农村发生率为6.89/万，两者差异有显著性（P=O.000）；产妇各年龄组（<20岁，20一25岁，25—30岁，30～35岁，≥35岁）发生率分别为9.68/万、6.25/万、4.21/万、3.54/万、和5.94/万。孕妇各年龄组之间差异有显著性（P=0.000）。结论：10年来广西围产儿神经管缺陷发生率和无脑畸形发生率呈下降趋势；女性及农村的神经管缺陷畸形发病率明显高于城镇；孕妇年龄<20岁是神经管畸形的高发阶段。
【关键词】神经管畸形； 出生缺陷监测；发生率
【中图分类号】R714.7 【文献标识码】B 【文章编号】1004-7484（2014）04-2067-02
Analysis on neural tube defects of perinatal infants in Guangxi during 2003 to 2012
Zeng E. Yan Li Jian ， Liu Xiang Hong， Xia Hong Wei，Yao Hui， Wen Li Ping ， Huang Wei Nin，
（Department of Health， Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi， Nanning 530003， Guangxi， China E-Mail： gxqfyze@163.com）
【Abstract】Objective：To understand the incidence rate of neural tube defects （NTDs） and its dynamic trends for formulating a precaution of neural tube defects. Methods：From 2003 to 2012，data from 41 hospitals of up country level were collected with hospital based cluster sampling method. The monitored subjects were the hospitalized births from 28 weeks gestation to a period within 7 days after delivery. Results：The average incidence rate of NTDs was 4.94/10000. And the prevalence rate of anencephaly， spina bifida and encephalocele were 2.69/10000，1.52/10000 and 0.72/10000 respectively. The incidence rate of male was 0.99/10000， the incidence rate of female was 3.95/10000，the difference between male and female was significant（P=0.000）；the city incidence rate was 2.32/10000，the country incidence rate was 6.89/10000，there was a significance between them（P=0.000）； the incidence rate in different age group pregnant woman was 9.68/10000、6.25/10000、4.21/10000、3.54/10000、和5.94/10000，the difference between them was significant（P=O.000）. Conclusion：In Guangxi the incidence rate of NTDs and anencephaly present a decling trend. The incidence rate of NTDs is higher in female than in male births ， higher in rural than in urban. The age of pregnant woman lower than 20 was the high stage in the incidence rate of NTDs.
【key words】neural tube defects； birth defects monitoring； incidence rate
神经管缺陷（ neural tuber defects， NTD）是一组严重的中枢神经系统畸形 ， 是由于在胚胎发育过程中， 神经管闭合不全引起的一组缺陷。为我国最常见、最严重的先天畸形之一，主要包括无脑畸形（anencephaly）、脊柱裂spina bifida）、脑膨出（encephalocele）、是我国死胎死产、婴儿死亡的主要原因[1]。
1 资料与方法
【关键词】神经管畸形； 出生缺陷监测；发生率
【中图分类号】R714.7 【文献标识码】B 【文章编号】1004-7484（2014）04-2067-02
Analysis on neural tube defects of perinatal infants in Guangxi during 2003 to 2012
Zeng E. Yan Li Jian ， Liu Xiang Hong， Xia Hong Wei，Yao Hui， Wen Li Ping ， Huang Wei Nin，
（Department of Health， Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi， Nanning 530003， Guangxi， China E-Mail： gxqfyze@163.com）
【Abstract】Objective：To understand the incidence rate of neural tube defects （NTDs） and its dynamic trends for formulating a precaution of neural tube defects. Methods：From 2003 to 2012，data from 41 hospitals of up country level were collected with hospital based cluster sampling method. The monitored subjects were the hospitalized births from 28 weeks gestation to a period within 7 days after delivery. Results：The average incidence rate of NTDs was 4.94/10000. And the prevalence rate of anencephaly， spina bifida and encephalocele were 2.69/10000，1.52/10000 and 0.72/10000 respectively. The incidence rate of male was 0.99/10000， the incidence rate of female was 3.95/10000，the difference between male and female was significant（P=0.000）；the city incidence rate was 2.32/10000，the country incidence rate was 6.89/10000，there was a significance between them（P=0.000）； the incidence rate in different age group pregnant woman was 9.68/10000、6.25/10000、4.21/10000、3.54/10000、和5.94/10000，the difference between them was significant（P=O.000）. Conclusion：In Guangxi the incidence rate of NTDs and anencephaly present a decling trend. The incidence rate of NTDs is higher in female than in male births ， higher in rural than in urban. The age of pregnant woman lower than 20 was the high stage in the incidence rate of NTDs.
【key words】neural tube defects； birth defects monitoring； incidence rate
神经管缺陷（ neural tuber defects， NTD）是一组严重的中枢神经系统畸形 ， 是由于在胚胎发育过程中， 神经管闭合不全引起的一组缺陷。为我国最常见、最严重的先天畸形之一，主要包括无脑畸形（anencephaly）、脊柱裂spina bifida）、脑膨出（encephalocele）、是我国死胎死产、婴儿死亡的主要原因[1]。
1 资料与方法