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我国电视新闻发展早期,受众的角色可以简单地定位为“终端接收器”。改革开放初期,我国电视人意识到受众的存在,但受众在新闻传播中的地位并没有根本改观。90年代以来,随着社会的发展和新闻体制的革新,受众的角色由“边缘”走向“中心”。从历史的角度来看,电视新闻受众角色开始了“以传者为本”到“以受众为本”的擅变。随着新闻事业的发展,今后的受众,角色又会走向何处呢?这是新闻界悬而未决的大课题。电视新闻事业是“人”的事业,不管电视新闻受众理念如何变迁,终究离不开“人”这个主题。在电视新闻传播的过程中,受众理念必将越来越回归到“以人为本”的立场。因此,当代电视新闻应对现时的受众观进行人文反思,以建构“以人为本”的受众理念。本文以电视新闻为切入口,对电视新闻受众角色进行了研究。
Early in the development of China’s television news, the role of the audience can simply be positioned as “terminal receiver ”. In the early stage of reform and opening up, China’s television people realized the existence of the audience, but the audience’s status in the news media did not fundamentally change. Since the 1990s, with the development of society and the reform of the news system, the role of the audience has shifted from “edge ” to “center ”. From a historical point of view, the role of television news audience started to change from “preacher” to “audience-oriented”. With the development of journalism, where will the future audience and role go? This is an outstanding issue in the press. Television news business is “people ” career, no matter how the concept of television news audience changes, after all, can not do without “people ” this theme. In the process of television news dissemination, the concept of audience will surely return to the “people-oriented” position more and more. Therefore, the contemporary television news should conduct a humanistic reflection on the current view of the audience in order to construct a “people-oriented” audience philosophy. This article takes television news as the entrance to conduct a research on the role of television news audiences.